81.cde----Thermoluminescent
dosimeters (TLD) are used in conjunction with filters set in the badge
holder no use of filters and can be
reused for once .(Chapter 2,page no.37,second edition (2008),Farr’s Physics for
Medical Imaging).
9) MRI
technique used to overcome problem of respiratory motion is all except
a)Spin-echo sequence[SE]
a)fast low-angle shot [FLASH]
c) half Fourier turbo-spin echo [HASTE])
d)reordering of phase encoding (ROPE)
e) phase encoding and reordering (PEAR).
11.All are true regarding 81mKr except
a) Krypton-81m has very short half-life
b)Krypton-81m is cheap to produce
c)Krypton-81m is available from its generator for 1d only
d)Krypton-81m does not accumulate progressively in regions
of lung with a low ventilatory turnover.
e)Krypton-81m
is in many ways the ideal agent of choice for ventilation imaging
13)False positive FDG –PET is noted in all
except
a) bacterial pneumonia
b) sarcoidosis
c) tuberculosis
d) Wegener's granulomatosis
e) bronchioloalveolar cell carcinomas
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a.responsible for low energy cut-off of the x ray spectrum
b.K-edge filter has k-edge in lower energy part
(ex.-erbium)
c.K-edge filter
remove only high –energy X –rays
d.K-edge filter is relatively transparent to the energies
just above the K-edge
e.K-edge filter is routinely used
Ans of previous blog
19.True regarding computed radiography
a.photostimulable phosphor have norrow
dynamic range
b.there is a linear relationship
between signal from a computed radiography plate and dose to the plate
c.the latitude of the CR system is
very much greater than for conventional radiography
d.choice of gradation curve are
dependent on the projection
e.histogram analysis involves an
analysis of the distribution of the light intensities outside the collimated area
19.bce----Photostimulable phosphor have a wide dynamic range,being able to record photon
intensities varying by a factor of about 10000:1.To display useful image ,the
processing of the data from the reader involves
to detect the collimated edges of the X-ray beam ,histogram analysis and
optimization of gradation curve . Histogram analysis involves an analysis of
the distribution of the light intensities within the collimated area. .(Chapter 5, page
no.84-85,second edition (2008),Farr’s Physics for Medical Imaging).
a.photostimulable phosphor have norrow
dynamic range
b.there is a linear relationship
between signal from a computed radiography plate and dose to the plate
c.the latitude of the CR system is
very much greater than for conventional radiography
d.choice of gradation curve are
dependent on the projection
e.histogram analysis involves an
analysis of the distribution of the light intensities outside the collimated area
ANS OF PREVIOUS BLOG
15.True regarding rotating anode
a.make
tube capable of withastanding high generated heat
b.theoretically
rotate at 3000 rpm
c.beveled
edge in tungsten disc
d.spread
the heat produced during an exposure
e.the
diameter of the tungsten disc affects
the maximum permissible loading of the anode
15.abcde---- Rotating anode
in x ray tube make tube capable of withastanding high generated heat by
spreading the heat produced during an
exposure,the diameter of the tungsten disc
affects the maximum permissible loading of the anode.Rotating anode has
beveled edge and it theoretically rotate at 3000 rpm.[Chapter 2,Page 15,
Christensen’s Physics of Diagnostic radiology]
a.make
tube capable of withastanding high generated heat
b.theoretically
rotate at 3000 rpm
c.beveled
edge in tungsten disc
d.spread
the heat produced during an exposure
e.the
diameter of the tungsten disc affects
the maximum permissible loading of the anode
ANS OF PREVIOUS BLOG
1.True regarding
iodinated contrast medium.
a. tri-iodo benzene ring
derivatives with three atoms of iodine at 3,4,6 positions (in monomers)
b. tri-iodo benzene ring
derivatives with six atoms of iodine per molecule of the ring anion (in dimers)
c. very hydrophobic ,
have high lipid solubility, low toxicity,
d. high binding
affinities for protein, receptors or membranes
e. have molecular
weights less than 2000
1.be---- iodinated contrast medium is tri-iodo benzene ring derivatives with three
atoms of iodine at 2,4,6 positions (in monomers) and with six atoms of iodine
per molecule of the ring anion (in dimers).They are very hydrophilic, have low
lipid solubility, low toxicity, low binding affinities for protein, receptors
or membranes,have molecular weights less than 2000. .( CHAPTER 2 ,Adam: Grainger & Allison's Diagnostic Radiology, 5th ed.)
b.re-emits the absorbed energy in the form of visible
light
c.in photoluminescence ,external source of energy is
radiation
d.there is delayed light emission (delay time of order of
10-6 s) in fluorescence
e.phosphor refers to a material that has luminescent
properties
ANS OF PREVIOUS BLOG
59.True
regarding mammography unit-------
a.unit
designed to produce x ray in the 15-20 keV uses molybdenum anode
b. .unit
designed to produce x ray in the 15-20 keV uses berrylium window
c. unit
designed to produce x ray in the 15-20 keV uses molybdenum filter
d. unit
designed to produce x ray in the 21-25 keV uses molybdenum anode
e. unit
designed to produce x ray in the 21-25 keV uses berrylium anode
59.abc-----Unit designed to produce
x ray in the 21-25 keV uses tungsten anode and uses special(Pallidium) filter
anode -------(chapter 9,page 234,
Physics for diagnostic radiology ,2nd edition by P P Dendy and B
Heaton,)
a. the herpes simplex virus type 1 thymidine kinase (HSV1-TK) and fluoro-deoxy-arabinofuranosyl-iodouracil or
FIAU
b. genes encoding for a modified
human transferrin receptor and supraparamagnetic iron compounds
c. β-galactosidase and
gadolinium contrast agent (EgadMe)
d. the herpes simplex
virus type 1 thymidine kinase (HSV1-TK) and
(EgadMe)
e. the herpes simplex virus type 1 thymidine
kinase (HSV1-TK) and gadolinium contrast
agent (EgadMe)
35.abc
REPORTER GENE IMAGING
In reporter gene imaging,the reporter gene is incorporated into the nuclear DNA of the target cells by transfection (e.g. viral vector.The activated reporter gene is transcribed into the corresponding messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA).Messenger RNA (mRNA)is translated to the reporter protein.A reporter substrateis admninistered.The reporter substrate interacts with the reporter protein to produce an imaging signal (e.g. gamma ray, paramagnetic effect).
