FRCR MCQ -----CARDIOVASCULAR MODULE

350.All are true except

a. there is usually mirror image branching of the aortic arch

 in right-sided aortic arch with associated CHD

b. A dilated ascending ‘aorta’, rising high in the mediastinum 

is seen typically in persistent arterial truncus or tetralogy of 

Fallot 

c. Rib notching noted in persistent cervical arch 

(pseudocoarctation)

d. figure of 3 indentation deformity of the left border of the

 oesophagus is noted in coarctation of aorta

RADIOLOGY MCQ -----Figure of 8

438. Figure of 8  is noted in
a.TOF
b.UCTGA
c. total superior anomalous pulmonary venous drainage(Type 1)
d. Ebstein's anomaly

d. Uhl's disease

ANS----C----total superior anomalous pulmonary venous drainage(Type 1)













www.improbable.com

RADIOLOGY MCQ----OLIGAEMIA

341. Central cyanosis may be present within a few hours

 after birth in

a. tetralogy of Fallot

b. uncorrected transposition of great arteries (UTGA).

c. common atria and common ventricles 

d. PDA

e. persistent truncus arteriosus

434.All are causes of oligaemia except
A Ebstein's anomaly
b. Tetralogy of Fallot
c. Uncorrected transposition of the great arteries with atrial or venous septal defect
d. Uhl's disease

e. persistent truncus --Type IV


341.---b
434.---c

Table   -- INCREASED PULMONARY PERFUSION (PLETHORA)

Level of shunt	Anomaly
Atrium	Ostium primum defect[*]
	Ostium secundum defect[*]
	Sinus venosus defect
	Anomalous pulmonary veins[†]
Atrioventricular valves	Endocardial cushion defects
	Ostium primum defect[*]
	Muscular ventricular septal defect (VSD)[*]
Ventricles	Membranous VSD[*]
	Bulvar VSD[*]
	Double outflow ventricle
	Single ventricle
Aorta	Patent arterial duct[*]
	Aortopulmonary window
	Common arterial trunk (persistent truncus arteriosus)[†]
	Coronary artery-to-right heart fistula
	Uncorrected transposition of the great arteries with atrial or venous septal defect

*	Most common causes of plethora without cyanosis;
†	most common causes of plethora with cyanosis.

  -- DECREASED PULMONARY PERFUSION (ANOMALY)

Level of abnormality	Anomaly
Tricuspid valve	Tricuspid atresia
	Tricupid stenosis
	Ebstein's anomaly
Right ventricular outflow	Pulmonary infundibular stenosis (severe)
	Pulmonary valvar stenosis (severe)
	Tetralogy of Fallot
	Uhl's disease (right ventricular hypoplasia)
Pulmonary arterial	Pulmonary artery or trunk atresia
	Right or left pulmonary artery interruption
	Peripheral pulmonary artery interruption or stenosis
	Common arterial trunk (persistent truncus) (Type IV)
	Transposition (ventriculo-arterial discordance) with pulmonary valve stenosis
	Eisenmenger reaction (lung periphery only) REF -- Adam: Grainger & Allison's Diagnostic Radiology, 5th ed. CHAPTER 23 – Congenital Heart Disease: General Principles and Imaging

FRCR ----cardiac artefact

Q1 There is an artefact in aorta   left sided image (above and below) on MDCT  cardiac scan.What is that artefact?
Q2 How was that artefact removed (no artefact on right sided image ,above and below)?











ANS
Q1.Pulsatility artefact (duoble lumen of aorta in above image  ,step artefact on down image)
Q2.---By use of ECG gating and taking the image at end-diastole (when cardiac pulsation is least)

FRCR ----ANATOMY

FRCR  ----ANATOMY

Q1.Name of investigation?

Q2.Structure seen in the image?

Q3.Name the structure shown by black arrow?

Q4.Name the structure shown by white arrow/?

ANS ---Q1.---MRA

             Q2.---LEFT VENTRICLE IN END SYSTOLE

             Q3------PAPILLAR MUSCLE

             Q4.-----MITRAL VALVE

RADIOLOGY MCQ ---PG AND FRCR ---‘black bronchus’ sign

280.All are true regarding ground glass opacity except
a.increase in lung density
b.presevation of bronchoalveolar  markings on CT
c. obscuration of  vessel markings on chest x ray
d. indicate disease within the airspaces only  

e. ‘black bronchus’ sign
ANS---d---
Ground glass opacity  indicate disease within the airspaces and/or the interstitium.It may or may not be an associated  with air bronchogram. In cases of uncertainty, comparison of the (air) density within airways with that of lung parenchyma (the ‘black bronchus’ sign) may be useful, normally the two densities are roughly comparable. .(CHAPTER 21 – Airspace Diseases,Adam: Grainger & Allison's Diagnostic Radiology, 5th ed)




IMAGE SOURCE--www.learningradiology.com

‘crazy-paving’ pattern on CT

278.All are true regarding airspace diseases except
a. Wegener's granulomatosis  may show  cavitation  on CT scan
b. In cryptogenic organizing pneumonia, areas of consolidation  most pronounced in the periphery and lower zones of the lungs
c. in chronic eosinophilic pneumonia, the changes tend to be in the upper zones and  parallel to the chest wall
d. transient and migratory opacities , unaccompanied by significant constitutional disturbance favour  diagnosis of an eosinophilic pneumonia.

e. ‘crazy-paving’ pattern on CT is noted in alveolar proteinosis.



278.----b---In cryptogenic organizing pneumonia, areas of consolidation  are most pronounced in the periphery and upper zones of the lungs.(CHAPTER 21 – Airspace Diseases,Adam: Grainger & Allison's Diagnostic Radiology, 5th ed)












www.casesjournal.com

RADIOLOGY MCQ ---PG AND FRCR ----TUBES AND LINES

255.Correct positions of tubes and lines are all except
a. Endotracheal tube---3–8 cm above carina
b. Swan–Ganz catheter----  superior vena cava
c. Central venous pressure catheter----Superior vena cava
d. Peripherally inserted central catheter line---Superior vena cava

e. Pleural tubes----In pleural space via mid axillary line, 6th to 8th rib spaces.
ANS---- Swan–Ganz catheter----Right or left pulmonary artery. (CHAPTER 20 – Thoracic Trauma and Related Topics ,Adam: Grainger & Allison's Diagnostic Radiology, 5th ed).

ENDOTRACHEAL TUBE 



source --www.med-ed.virginia.edu

SWAN -GANZ CATHETER


source --www.med-ed.virginia.edu

Syndesmophyte

Syndesmophyte 

Bilateral ,symmetrical,thin intervertebral connections noted in ankylosing spondylitis.Represent ossification of the outermost lamellae of annulus fibrosis.

Syndesmophytes noted at multiple levels produce BAMBOO SPINE.






IMAGE SOURCE ----www.mypacs.net

RADIOLOGY MCQ --AIPGMEE AND FRCR---SULCUS SIGN

241. An abnormally deep costophrenic sulcus sign is noted in

a.pneumothorax in supine position

b.pleural effusion in supine position

c.pleural effusion in decubitus position

d.pneumothorax in standing position

e.collapse of lower lobe

ANS----a

 With supine radiographs, air collects anterior to the lung and there is no visible lung edge. In this situation a pneumothorax can produce an unusually sharp mediastinal border and hemidiaphragm and an abnormally deep costophrenic sulcus.

Image source ---www.resus.com.au

RADIOLOGY MCQ /AIPGMEE AND FRCR/Erasmus syndrome

233. Erasmus syndrome refers to

a. the association of silicosis and rheumatoid arthritis

b. the association of silicosis and systemic sclerosis

c. the association of CWP and rheumatoid arthritis

d. the association of Berrylosis and rheumatoid arthritis

e. the association of CWP and systemic sclerosis

RADIOLOGY MCQ --AIPGMEE AND FRCR---HRCT SARCOIDOSIS

217.All are HRCT finding of sarcoidosis except

a. peribronchovascular,subpleural distribution

b. perilymphatic distribution

c. small well-defined nodules (1-5mm)

d. fibrosis

e.a mid and lower zone distribution

ANS-----e---mid and upper zone distribution

IMAGE SOURCE ---www.radiologyassistant.nl

RADIOLOGY MCQ --AIPGMEE AND FRCR---EGGSHELL CALCIFICATION

215.Causes of eggshell nodal calcification are all except

a. Sarcoidosis

b. Silicosis

c. tuberculosis

d. Lymphoma (postirradiation)

e. Amyloidosis

ANS ---C----TUBERCULOSIS 

Causes of eggshell nodal calcification are  sarcoidosis. silicosis, 

lymphoma (postirradiation),amyloidosis, histoplasmosis,

 blastomycosis. (Chapter 19,  High-Resolution Computed 

Tomography of Interstitial and Occupational Lung Disease ,Adam:

Grainger & Allison's Diagnostic Radiology, 5th ed)

IMAGE SOURCE----www.meddean.luc.edu

RADIOLOGY MCQ /AIPGMEE AND FRCR/HALF-LIVES

32.Correct matching of half lives is/are

a.fluorine -18---110 min

b.technetium-99m---6hrs

c.iodine-123----13hrs

d.molybdenum-99---67hrs

e.indium-111---67hrs

RADIOLOGY MCQ --AIPGMEE AND FRCR--The lotus root sign

The lotus root sign 

De Quervain disease is stenosing tenosynovitis of the abductor pollicis longus (APL) and extensor pollicis brevis (EPB) tendons in the first extensor compartment of the wrist


Hiranuma classification. 
(a) Normal type of de Quervain disease (Hiranuma type I). APL and EPB run in the same sheath. 
(b) Complete septation (Hiranuma type II). APL and EPB run in separate tendon sheaths.
 (c) Incomplete septation (Hiranuma type III). APL and EPB run in separate tendon sheaths in only the distal portion.
 (d) EPB-lacking type (Hiranuma type IV). Tendon sheath is normal but lacks EPB.



\
 (a) Photograph of the sliced lotus root. (b) Photographic negative of a transverse US image shows the lotus root sign. This sign suggests three or more tendon slips in one compartment. Negatively inverted tendon slips look like holes of the sliced lotus root.



a.


b.



SOURCE ---http://pubs.rsna.org/doi/suppl/10.1148/radiol.11102458

RADIOLOGY MCQ --AIPGMEE AND FRCR---Steeple sign

Steeple sign

 The steeple sign is  a sign  found on a AP VIEW of  neck  where subglottic tracheal  narrowing produces an inverted "V" shape within the trachea itself. The presence of the steeple sign supports a diagnosis of CROUP 

RADIOLOGY MCQ --AIPGMEE AND FRCR--DOG EARS SIGN

DOG EARS SIGN 

DOG 'S EARS 

•  SEEN IN ASCITES ------
• SYMMETRICAL BULGE ABOVE THE BLADDER RESEMBLING THE CONTOUR OF DOG EARS REPRESENT INTRAPERITONEAL FLUID COLLECTION IN THE POUCH OF DOUGLAS WITH CENTRAL INDENTATION FROM THE BLADDER OR RECTUM

RADIOLOGY MCQ --AIPGMEE AND FRCR---Vanishing lung syndrome

143.All are true regarding  vanishing lung syndrome except

a. mainly seen in old men

b. the presence of large progressive upper lobe bullae

c. occupy a significant volume of a hemithorax

d. are often asymmetrical

e. also known as giant bullous emphysema/primary bullous disease of the lung

RADIOLOGY MCQ --AIPGMEE AND FRCR--MELTING SIGN

WESTEMARK SIGN -----focal oligemia distal to emboli .

HUPMTON 'S Hump---pleural based consolidation in a form of  a truncated cone with pleural base .

MELTING SIGN------The MELTING SIGN describes the resolution ofpulmonary haemmorrhage following pulmonary embolism When there is pulmonar heamorrhage  without infarction following PE, the typical wedge-shaped, pleural-based opacification HUMPTON 'S HUMP  resolves within a week while preserving its typical shape. It is named due to its resemblance with a melting ice cube .

KNUCKLE SIGN -----distal abrupt tapering of an occluded vessel 

FLEISCHER LINES ----fibrotic linear shadow from pleural invagination at the base of the collapse resulting in pseudofissure 

3rd The International Day of Radiology

3rd The International Day of Radiology

This year, on November 8, the European Society of Radiology (ESR), the Radiological Society of North America (RSNA) and the American College of Radiology (ACR) will celebrate the third International Day of Radiology (IDoR 2014) with radiological societies the world over.

 The International Day of Radiology is an annual event which is held with the aim of building greater awareness of the value that radiology contributes to safe patient care, and improving understanding of the vital role radiologists play in the healthcare continuum.

We therefore chose November 8, the day that Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen discovered the existence of x-rays in 1895, as a day of action and awareness. We hope to alert the world to the stunning medical, scientific and even artistic possibilities of medical imaging, the essential role of the radiologist as a part of the healthcare team in countless medical scenarios, and the high educational and professional standards required of all staff working in medical imaging.

Brain imaging has been chosen as the main theme of the day, to highlight the important role that radiology plays in the detection, diagnosis and management of a wide variety of brain diseases.

source ---http://www.internationaldayofradiology.com/about-idor/