Tuesday, 7 October 2014

NOBEL GPS OF BRAIN


The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2014

John O'Keefe

John O'Keefe

Prize share: 1/2
May-Britt Moser

May-Britt Moser

Prize share: 1/4
Edvard I. Moser

Edvard I. Moser

Prize share: 1/4











The 2014 Nobel Prize in Physiology or 
Medicine has been  awarded to Dr. John M. O’Keefe, 
Dr. May-Britt Moser and Dr. Edvard I. 

Moser for their discoveries of nerve cells in 
the brain that enable a sense of place and 
navigation. These discoveries are ground
breaking and provide insights into how 
mental functions are represented in the 
brain and how the brain can compute
complex cognitive functions and behaviour. 

An internal map of the environment and a
sense of place are needed for recognizing 
and remembering our environment and for 
navigation. This navigational ability, which 
requires integration of multi-modal sensory 
information, movement execution and 
memory capacities, is one of the most 
complex of brain functions. 

The work of the 
2014 Laureates has radically altered our 
understanding of these functions.

 John O’Keefe discovered place cells in the 
hippocampus that signal position and
provide the brain with spatial memory 
capacity.

 May-Britt Moser and Edvard I. 
Moser discovered in the medial entorhinal 
cortex, a region of the brain next to 
hippocampus, grid cells that provide the 
brain with an internal coordinate system
essential for navigation. 

Together, the 
hippocampal place cells and the entorhinal 
grid cells form interconnected nerve cell 
networks that are critical for the 
computation of spatial maps and 
navigational tasks. 

The work by John 
O’Keefe, May-Britt Moser and Edvard Moser 
has dramatically changed our 
understanding of how fundamental 
cognitive functions are performed by neural 
circuits in the brain and shed new light onto 
how spatial memory might be created.
SOURCE :http://www.nobelprize.org/

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