LEMON SIGN

Q.Lemon shaped skull on antenatal USG  is noted in
a.neural tube defect
b.down syndrome
c.achondroplasia
d.osteogenesis imperfect







ANS---A NEURAL TUBE DEFECT ------.LEMON'S SIGN REFERS TO BIFORNTAL SCALLOPING OR INDENTAION NOTED IN OPEN NEURAL TUBE DEFECT .

OTHER CHARACTERISTIC HEAD CHANGES IN OPEN NEURAL TUBE DEFECT ARE 

1.VENTRICULOMEGALY 
2.THE BANANA SIGN(C- SHAPED SHAPE OF CEREBELLUM,CHIARI 2 MALFOMATION ) 
3. CISTERNA MAGNA EFFACEMENT .

THE BANANA SIGN AND EFFACEMENT OF POSTERIOR FOSSA ARE RESULT OF HYPOPLASIA OF THE POSTERIOR FOSSA AND LEAK OF FLUID FROM THE OPEN SPINA DEFECT

REF

1.Adam: Grainger & Allison's Diagnostic Radiology, 5th ed.

2.DIAGNOSTIC ULTRASOUND ,3RD EDITION, RUMECK

3.http://www.fetalsono.com

INTERNATIONAL DAY OF RADIOLOGY

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IN MEDICAL SCIENCE WITH CUT SYSTEM.


TO WHAT EXTENT WE RADIOLOGIST ARE INVOLVED ? 


IS IT FAIR ?


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RIGLER'S SIGN

RIGLER'S SIGN  

Q.All are signs of pneumoperitoneum on x ray except

a. Rigler’s(double) sign

b. football or air dome sign

c. ghost-like appearance of bowel

d. beak sign

ANS :d

Visualization of both the outer and inner walls of a bowel loop is known as Rigler's sign. The bowel loops then take on a ‘ghost-like’ appearance.

The football sign refers to a large oval radiolucency in the shape of an American football . The long axis of the “football” runs cephalocaudad, and the blunted ends are defined by the diaphragm and pelvic floor. 

REF :

Adam: Grainger & Allison's Diagnostic Radiology, 5th ed.